Green nanotechnology combines the principles of green chemistry and nanotechnology to bring about nanomaterials for various applications. By using eco-friendly and non-toxic approaches, the synthesize of nanomaterials has circumvented the effects of hazardous chemicals, unwieldy process and innocuous handling adhering to the sustainable developmental goals. Various sources such as plants, microbes, and animals are being used to synthesize nanoparticles, reducing the overall cost of production. Such nanoparticles have shown to report antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Nature has provided various biological materials that are used in traditional medicine for treating innumerable ailments, for over many eras and even now they have gained global reputation. However, they tend to have some limitations when used on their native form in aspects like solubility and stability. These therapeutics when integrated with nanotechnologies can circumvent the issues of potency and efficacy. The integral medicines as nano formulations, has an improved mechanical and biochemical properties with an overall evolution in therapeutics.

Personalized medicine aims to tailor disease prevention, treatment and diagnosis for specific patients based on their genetic, molecular and phenotypic profiles. The integration of nanotechnology enhances the personalized medicine by enabling precise, targeted drug delivery, specific therapeutic for individual patients. Nanocarriers like nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticle, antibody tagged nanoparticles and liposomes profess unique property like controlled drug release, targeted drug delivery and limits non-specific binding. This approach plays a crucial role in genomics-therapy, cancer diagnosis and pharmacogenomics. This review highlights the importance of personalized medicine in nanotechnology, nanomaterial-based therapeutics as a healthcare solution

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, which is caused by abnormal growth of cells. Prevalence of morbidity is primarily due to late diagnosis and conventional therapeutic approach is time consuming and not effective to all cancer cells. Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative platform in cancer treatments due to the precise and targeted drug delivery in a particular cell and damaging the cancer cells. Nanomaterials such as metallic nanoparticle, carbon-based nanoparticle, polymeric nanoparticle have the unique property that enhanced imaging sensitivity and controlled drug release. This review highlights the nanomaterials and clinical application in cancer diagnosis and therapy.

The COVID-19 vaccination programme in Malaysia was launched in February 2021, and the government prioritized healthcare workers as the earliest group to receive the vaccination, including medical students. Vaccine hesitancy among the general population is a huge obstacle to making the immunization programme successful. A cross-sectional study involving medical students from International Medical University (IMU) including both the preclinical, and Clinical students was done. Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, and Concerns (KAPC) online questionnaires were used to gather data for the study. A total of 304 medical students responded to the questionnaire. 98% of the medical students have received both doses of COVID-19. The majority of IMU medical students believe that vaccines are useful in protecting them from infection as the reason they agree to take the COVID-19 vaccines. Clinical medical students are familiar with more vaccine brands compared to preclinical students. One-fifth of students think COVID-19 vaccines will give positive results on the COVID-19 RT-PCR test. Four-fifths of participants answered questions about the mechanism of action of inactivated virus vaccine correctly but only 26% of preclinical students and 18.8% of clinical students answered the mechanism of action of virus vector vaccine correctly. Most of them however know that over-the-counter pain medicine can be used after taking the COVID-19 vaccine, people can still get infected after taking the vaccine, long-term side effects are not common, and vaccines can be introduced to pregnant mothers.

The most chosen source of information to learn about COVID-19 vaccination among medical students is medical literature, followed by healthcare providers. We concluded that IMU medical students have a high awareness and vaccine acceptance rate.

Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn., commonly known as Earleaf Acacia, is a member of the Fabaceae family and is native to Australia, Papua New Guinea, and parts of Southeast Asia. It is widely cultivated in India, Malaysia, and tropical regions for timber, environmental restoration, and traditional medicine (Sathya & Siddhuraju, 2012). Different parts of the plant like bark, leaves, seeds have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea, infections, inflammation, and skin ailments. Despite its widespread traditional use, the phytochemical and pharmacological profile of A. auriculiformis remains only partially studied, especially in the context of antimicrobial resistance and oxidative stress-related disorders. Earlier studies have indicated the presence of bioactive flavonoids, phenolics, and saponins with promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties (Singh et al., 2010; Ghosh et al., 1993). However, the bioactivity of extracts may vary based on geographical location, extraction methods, and plant part used, highlighting the need for regional and method-specific evaluations. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition and bioactive properties of ethanol and aqueous extracts of A. auriculiformis leaves collected from Sholinganallur, Chennai. The bioactivities assessed include antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay, antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC), biofilm inhibition using crystal violet staining, and compound separation via thin layer chromatography (TLC). The findings are discussed in light of prior studies to better understand the plant’s therapeutic potential.

This study evaluates the phytochemical composition and bioactive properties of plant extracts with emphasis on their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. Crude extracts were prepared using aqueous and ethanol solvents and subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of key bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis, coupled with DPPH bioautography, demonstrated notable antioxidant activity through visible radical scavenging bands. Antimicrobial activity assessed using the agar well diffusion method showed inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Further evaluation using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) confirmed the antibacterial efficacy of the extracts. Additionally, the extracts exhibited potential anti-biofilm activity, indicating their relevance in combating resistant microbial communities. These findings support the potential application of plant-derived phytochemicals in therapeutic and biomedical fields.